Dephlegmating apparatus



' pipes number 14:, 17 and 20 connected with Patented June 30, 1931 PATENT; OFFICE GUSTAV EGLOFF AND HARRY UNIVERSAL OIL PRODUCTS COMPANY, O

SOUTH DAKOTA l?. IBENNER, OF INDEPENDENCE, KANSAS, ASSIGNORS TO F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A ``CORIOIB/ATION OF DEPHLEGMATING APPARATUS A Application 1ed..Tune 28, 1920. Serial No. 392,476.

Our invention relates to a dephlegmating apparatus for the control of the rate of pressure distillation in cracking processes.

Our invention provides an apparatus for lthe pressure distillation of heavy hydrocarlso that one or more streams may be taken i paratus as shown in drawing:

. dephlegmator b on oils to'produce light oils therefrom, by means of a series of hydrocarbon vapor outletsfrom a dephlegmator; to provide an apparatus of a dephlegmation system of pressure distillation of heavy hydrocarbon oils,

olf the pressure still simultaneously; to provide an apparatus in which the rate of pressure distillation is controlled by means of the dephlegmation system; to provide an apparatus of pressure distillation in which the dephlegmation system is flexible, so that sec'- tions of said depfhlegmation system may be reduced or increased from the maximum and minimum area of said dephlegmator.

The following description covers the ap Number 1, is a fuel burner set Within fur-y nace number 2 and tunnel number 2-a to stack not shown. Number 3, is a high pressure still with man-hole plate number 4, With pipe connection number 5 attached to de phlegmator number 6, having ,baffle plates number ff/set therein. Number 8, isa conduit attached to dephlegmator number 6, having valve number 9 with conduit number 10 connected with piping number 11. Connections number 12, 15 and 18 are attached to dephlegmator number 6, having valves number 13, 16 and 19 set therein, connected with piping number 11. Numbers 9--a, y13k-0L, 16---aI and 19-a are chains which control valves number 9, 13, 16 and 19. Number 32 having inverted dish number 33.set Within number 6 is-a trap for the dephlegmated oil, which is condensed in said dephlegmator number 6, so that it will pass via piping number 34 into the bottom of high pressure still number 3. lCondenser coil number 21, attached to piping number 11, isJ set within condenser box number 22. To condenser number 21, receiver number 23 for the pressure distillate oil is attached, having pipe number 24 and control valve number 25 for releasing pressure distillate oil in sai'd receiver number 23, through pipe connection number 26, to storage tank not shown. Number 27 isa gage level glass for determinlng the height of liquid in receiver number Number 28 is uncondensable gas pipel connected With control valve number `29 to pipe number 30, Whichis connected with uncondensable storage gas tank not shown.

A typical method of operation of this 130 apparatus is to charge the high pressure still number 3 tvith a Midcontinent gas oil of 32.0 Baum gravity. Valve number 9 attached to conduits number 8 and 10 are opened While valvesv number 13, 16 and 19 are closed.

The uncondensable gas control valve number 29 and pressurey distillate oil valve number 25 are closed. Burner number 1, is

ber 2 heat up oil in still number- 3 until the generated vapors from sai-d hydrocarbon oil charge, self-impress a pressure upon the entire system of usually 100 pounds to the square inch. This pressure is not a fixed one as it depends largely upon the type oil to be cracked as to what pressure of self-'generated vapor from hydrocarbon oil is to be used Within the system. When a high pressure still 8 ft. in diameter and 30 feet long is used and charged With 8,000 gallons hydrocarbon oil, it may take 20 hours to pressure distil percent of said charge, producing a 51.0

ignited, and lthe products of combustion 1n furnace numgravity pressure distillate oil. Durlng this gallons per hour.l To overcome this, We have from 100-400- invented'an apparatus which lduring high Winds and storms can be so modiiied that sections of the dephlegmating system can' `be oils of different characteristics such as a Bidcontinent gas oil, a Kansas fuel oil, such as from the Augusta field or the W'ayside ield or a Pine Island gas oil for a fixed pressure still, each require different degrees of dephlegmation for equivalentcracking and gasoline production. llVhen cracking hydrocarbon oils such as l/Vayside or Augusta fuel oils, the amount ot aerial condensation or dephlegmation required is much less than When using gas oils from the same crudes. lVhen cracking said fuel oils, We have found it advisable to cut out the parts oli dephlegmator number `6, which are controlled by closing rvalves number 9, 13 and 16 so that the hydrocarbon vapors generated from the pressure distillation of said fuel oils pass out via pipe number 18, valve number 19, pipe number 2O connected with piping number 11, condensing in coil number 21, passing to receiver number 23.

Now when cracking a Midcontinent gas oil and quiet Weather conditions are at hand, dephlegmation system is used by closing valves number 13, 16 and 19 and opening valve number 9, how-ever when Wind condition is intense, valve number 9 is closed and valve number 13 opened While valves number 16 and 19 are closed which provides us vvith a flexible dephlegmatingsystem to take care of the type oil to be cracked during inclement Weather conditions which is the crux of our invention. Heretofore there has been in use as tar as We know, only a lixed dephlegmation system Jfor a fixed still to handle various types of hydrocarbon oils and varying Weather conditions. lWe do not limit ourselves to the particular design as shown in the drawing oit a vertical deplilegmator With bai'iie plates therein, but believe it comes Within the scope of our invention to include a horizontal or a series of horizontal dephlegmators connected with one another by piping taking od a stream of pressure distillate from each horizontal dephlegmator controlled by valves so as to add or deduct `dephleginating surface from the dephlegmating system.

l/lV-e claim as our invention:

ln an apparatus 'for cracking hydrocarbon oils, a vertically elongated dephlegmator, having a series of battles therein vertically disposed With respect to each other, a vapor inlet at the bottom of said dephlegmator, a liquid outlet adjacent the bottom of said 'dephlegmator, means for preventing liquidy from passing out through said vapor inlet a plurality ot vertically spaced vapor outlet conduits communicating with said dephlegmating column intermediate the baes therein,\independently operable valves positioned in said conduits, to control the passage oit' neiaaei dephlegmator.

GUSTAV EGLOFF. HARRY l?. BENNER. 

